ELT (EMERGENCY LOCATION TRANSMITTER)

EMERGENCY LOCATION TRANSMITTER (ELT)

In case of an aircraft accident or emergency, ELT gives us information about the location.  Being in aircraft is obligatory. It can be activated by manually or automatically. In case of impact starts to work automatically or if there is an emergency case, it is actuated by cabin crew.

         

As such events occur, Elt sends signals to satellites which take signals sends to earth stations. Coordinates of the aircraft can be calculated from signals.

   

We can have information from signals ;

Model of Aircraft. 

Coordinates of GPS

Call Sign

Sar Service Request.

For Example: "ELT AutoMessage: Cessna 337G Skymaster FG-337 CRASHED AT -32*56 41.3S LAT -71*28 16.3W LON, REQUESTING SAR SERVICE".

An ELT and its components including a cockpit-mounted panel, the ELT, a permanent mount antenna, and a portable antenna.

                     

Elt has four different types;

1)Automatic fixed Elt (ELT(AF)):
permanently attached to aircraft. It can be automatically activated.

2)Automatic Portable Elt (ELT(AP)): it is rigidly attached to aircraft but easily removable from the aircraft. It can be automatically activated.

3)Automatic Deployable ELT (ELT(AD)): it is rigidly attached to aircraft and it can be activated automatically by impact and sourtimes also by a hydrostatic sensor. Also, there is manual deployment capability.

4)Survival ELT (ELT(S)): it is removable from aircraft and ready to use in the emergency, manually activated by survivors.

transmits a digital signal every 50 seconds on a frequency of 406.025 MHz at 5 watts for at least 24 hours. The signal is received anywhere in the world by satellites in the COSPAS-SARSAT satellite system.

 An emergency locator transmitter (ELT) mounting location is generally far aft in a fixed-wing aircraft fuselage in line with the longitudinal axis. Helicopter mounting location and orientation varies.